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Behavioral Safety in Different Work Environments |
Saturday, May 28, 2022 |
10:00 AM–10:50 AM |
Meeting Level 1; Room 153B |
Area: OBM/CSS; Domain: Applied Research |
Chair: Christoph F. Bördlein (University of Applied Sciences Würzburg-Schweinfurt) |
Discussant: Sabrina Liebich (ABA/VB-Therapie & - Beratung) |
Abstract: The typical workplace in modern societies is constantly changing. Automatization and the use of information technology continues to influence the work conditions of workers in an many ways and puts them at unforeseen risks. For example, autonomous robots are more and more commonplace in industrial plants. How do humans and robots interact in a safe way that doesn’t interfere with productivity? But the new technology is not only a source of risk, it’s also an opportunity to improve workplace safety, e. g. with virtual reality included in safety trainings. Challenges resulting from the use of technology are prevalent in the medical sector too. Often forgotten, people helping others, like rescue assistants, have injury rates above average. In this symposium, we will learn about ways of using behavior analytic methods to improve the health and safety of people in this different work environments and occupations. |
Instruction Level: Intermediate |
Keyword(s): BBS, behavioral safety, industry 4.0, paramedic |
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Behavior Based Safety With Rescue Assistants |
CHRISTOPH F. BÖRDLEIN (University of Applied Sciences Würzburg-Schweinfurt), Lisa Maria Zeitler (University of Applied Sciences Würzburg-Schweinfurt) |
Abstract: Accident statistics from the German Federal and Railroad Accident Insurance (UVB) revealed that volunteer and full-time rescue workers are exposed to an increased risk of workplace accidents. This is reflected in the accident figures registered by the German Red Cross (DRK), which have been rising continuously since 2011. In part, the increased risk and volume of accidents results from the nature of the job performed by rescue workers in extreme situations. Another cause, however, is the perception of potential risks and the associated safety behavior of employees. Behavior Based Safety (BBS) is considered to be the most well researched and effective method for changing behavior in the field of occupational safety. We report on our research on BBS extended to the field of occupational safety behavior among rescue workers of the DRK. Results indicate that behavioral observations and feedback resulted in significant improvements of %safe in two rescue wards of the DRK. Resources and obstacles for the implementation of BBS practices to the work of rescue assistants are discussed. |
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A Study on Collaboration Work Effects With Robot in Manufacturing Sites |
Rieko Hojo (National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health), Masaki Nobuhiro (Toyota Motor Corporation), Kota Kida (Toyota Motor Corporation), Nobuyuki Yasui (Toyota Motor Corporation), YUKA KOREMURA (ballast), Chiemi Kan (National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Japan), Yusuke Kobayashi (Toyota Motor Corporation), Shoken Shimizu (National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Japan) |
Abstract: At present, cooperative robots are emerging as a labor force to replace workers at manufacturing sites. Compared to humans, cooperative robots do not need to consider fatigue and can be expected to work long hours. However, in a work form in which a person and a robot are paired, there are problems such as the stress of worker felt to robots and the serious risk of occupational accidents. Therefore, in this study, we compared work efficiency by working with a combination of human-human and human-cooperative robots at a certain manufacturing site. The subjects were 8 workers in each group working at the work site. In the actual work, we carry 3 kg of parts, so we are currently working for 5 minutes every 30 minutes. In this experiment, the one-minute work was repeated five times, and the stress felt by the worker and the vitals for each work were measured over time to investigate the effect on the collaborative work with the robot. As a result, it was clarified that the work in the person-to-person combination could perform more work than that with the robot, but the collaborative work with the human was higher in terms of stress. |
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Verification of Work Simulation Effect Under Virtual Reality (VR) for Safety Education |
Shoken Shimizu (National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Japan), Masaki Nobuhiro (Toyota Motor Corporation), Yusuke Kobayashi (Toyota Motor Corporation), Nobuyuki Yasui (Toyota Motor Corporation), Yuki Asano (Toyota Motor Corporation), YUKA KOREMURA (ballast), Chiemi Kan (National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Japan), Kota Kida (Toyota Motor Corporation) |
Abstract: Nowadays, cooperative robots are emerging as labor force to replace workers at manufacturing sites. In fact, a new safety management support system is required at a manufacturing site where robots and workers work in cooperation with each other. However, working with robots carries new risks for workers. Education and training for safe work are essential. Virtual Reality (VR) is expected as a mean to acquire work processes efficiently and effectively in a limited time. However, it is not sufficiently examined if VR training is effective for real work. In addition, it has also not been verified what kind of safety / danger information affect safety behavior of worker. Therefore, in this study, we compared the work efficiency by performing actual work and VR work for workers in factories making automobile parts. In addition, we verified the difference in the method of transmitting safety / danger information in collaboration with the robot. As a result, it was found that there is no difference in work efficiency between actual work and VR, and VR is useful for grasping the process of actual work. It was also clarified that the transmission of safety / danger information contributes to the safety behavior of workers. |
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Observation Analysis at Manufacturing Line Work from the Perspectives of Organizational Context |
YUKA KOREMURA (ballast), Shoken Shimizu (National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Japan), Chiemi Kan (National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Japan), Masaki Nobuhiro (Toyota Motor Corporation), Nobuyuki Yasui (Toyota Motor Corporation), Kota Kida (Toyota Motor Corporation), Rieko Hojo (National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health) |
Abstract: Higher productivity in manufacturing industry is ideal, higher productivity with safe and happy is even better. In this presentation, subjects’ behavior of man-machine corporative safety experiment was observed. Sixty-four subjects were participated. Eight subjects were under eight conditions in combinations with signal lights (red, green), buzzer, and sensor. In each condition, subjects engaged in picking the work from the pallet and put it to the shooter so that the work slides down to the next station. From the observation of Condition 1 (no signal lights, busser, sensor) number of completions of the task and durations from picking work to place it to the shooter were recorded (Fig. 1). Variety of body use were observed. The most contrast in result was longer average duration and less task completion (Subject 6), and shorter average duration with more task completion (Subject 7). The difference occurs due to using single hand or both hands was one of the obvious reasons. Since variety of body use were observed, proper body use will be suggested to avoid risk for body damage keep with productivity. |
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