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| International Paper Session - Issues in Addressing Problem Behavior in Persons with Autism |
| Monday, May 28, 2007 |
| 3:00 PM–4:20 PM |
| Douglas A |
| Area: AUT |
| Chair: Svein Eikeseth (Akershus University College, Norway) |
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| Use of Aversive and Restrictive Interventions in Behavioral Treatment. |
| Domain: Applied Research |
| SVEIN EIKESETH (Akershus University College, Norway), O. Ivar Lovaas (University of California, Los Angeles), Børge Holden (Habilitation Services Hedmark, Norway) |
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| Abstract: This presentation discusses the educational, therapeutic, ethical and scientific context within which aversive and restricted procedures should be used and evaluated if indeed they are employed. The guidelines we propose, build on previous behavior analytic attempts, and center on the importance of informing the clients’ parents as well as the com¬munity of the intent to use aversive or restrictive interventions. Further, they emphasize the importance of provid¬ing staff training in how to apply non-restrictive interventions, as in teaching appropriate communication and other social skills, the need for supervision by qualified colleagues as in peer-review, the need to take objective data to evalu¬ate the positive and negative effects of aversive interventions. This includes long-term follow-ups to assess whether the treatment did benefit the clients’ social development rather than being restricted to short-term suppression which may invite repeated application of aversive or restrictive procedures and the likelihood of adaptation to pain or discomfort. |
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| The Efficacy of Self-Management Strategies in School Settings for Children with Autism. |
| Domain: Applied Research |
| ANTHONY JENKINS (California State University, Los Angeles) |
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| Abstract: Many children with autism engage in challenging behaviors including aggression, self-injury, and severe tantrums that interfere with educational and adaptive behavior instruction in educational settings. Although self-management strategies which include self-recording and self-reinforcement have been shown to reduce target behaviors in clinical settings, more research is needed to demonstrate the effects of this approach in educational settings. A functional behavioral assessment was conducted to determine the function of disruptive behaviors, as well as identify functionally alternative behaviors, for each participant. Next, a self-management program was designed to teach the alternative behaviors to meet the student’s needs. This study utilized a non-concurrent multiple-baseline across subjects design, to examine the effects of self-management strategies to reduce the occurrence of disruptive target behaviors (e.g., aggression, non-compliance) of three students with autism. Following an interval with the absence of the target behavior (DRO), the student received a token (e.g., sticker) that was exchanged for access to desired items. Self management techniques were implemented in classroom and school settings. Results demonstrate that following the self-management intervention, participant students decreased intervals of disruptive behavior and increased desired replacement behaviors in classroom and school settings. |
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| Evaluation of a Treatment for Elopement in Three Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. |
| Domain: Applied Research |
| LESLIE V. SINCLAIR (Cleveland Clinic Center for Autism), Amy M. Bossick (Cleveland Clinic Center for Autism), Travis Haycook (Cleveland Clinic Center for Autism), Francine Dimitriou (Cleveland Clinic School for Autism) |
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| Abstract: This study examined the treatment of elopement in three children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Elopement presents life threatening risk of injury or possibly death. This study included 3 students aged 5 years, 10 years and 12 years old respectively. The study was conducted in a center based ABA school program. The procedure consisted of functional behavioral assessment and development of a treatment design. Data will be presented demonstrating outcomes over three month duration of implementation.
The presentation will consist of data review of pre-post treatment with documentation of temporal conditions. Full intervention procedures will be explained through data presentation with in-depth explanation of generalization techniques applied within the community. |
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